Giuseppe Castiglione and other officers and men who won the victory banquet in the atlas of pacifying the Western Regions

[Giuseppe Castiglione and other figures in the picture book of pacifying the Western Regions]

The successful soldiers in the picture book of pacifying the Western Regions]

The successful soldiers in the picture book of pacifying the Western Regions, painted by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, Giuseppe Castiglione and other figures, paper, copper prints, 55.4cm in length and 90.8cm in width< "On the upper part of the painting, Emperor Qianlong's imperial inscription reads, 'Eight Poems Obtained by All Soldiers and Scholars During the Successful Feast'. The inscription reads, 'On the Geng Chen, it was already written in the sun, and the imperial brush was used.' The circular Zhu Wen seal 'Guxi Emperor' is stamped."
This is the opening of the album “The Victory of the Western Regions in Pingding”. The picture shows the 51-year-old Emperor Qianlong holding a celebration banquet for the soldiers and soldiers of the Western Expedition in the renovated Ziguang Pavilion in the first month of the 26th year of Qianlong’s reign (1761). The soldiers of the Western Expedition and the invited princes and nobles of Manchu, Mongolian, and Hui lined up on both sides in front of the Ziguang Pavilion, kneeling to greet the Emperor Qianlong who was riding on the shoulder. The scene was grand and warm. Due to the fact that the album “Winning the Western Regions in Pingding” was created by Western painters and carved by French, it has a strong Western painting style, with realistic and three-dimensional paintings of pavilions, treasure tents, trees, bridges, towers, etc. The image of the Emperor Qianlong and his officers and soldiers has lost the characteristics of their own portraits, and has the look of Westerners with deep eyes and high noses
The Western Regions were the general name for the area west of Yumen Pass in Gansu Province after the Western Han Dynasty. By the end of the 19th century, the name of the Western Regions had not been used. During the Qianlong Dynasty, the brothers Da Waqi, Amur Sana, and Hui Da Da Bu and Zhuo Mu Huo Ji Zhan, located in the western regions of Junggar, successively rebelled against the Qing Dynasty. Emperor Qianlong dispatched troops to the west and quelled their rebellion. In order to carry forward the indomitable spirit of the soldiers who are brave and brave, Emperor Qianlong ordered the court Western painters Giuseppe Castiglione, Wang Zhicheng, Ai Qimeng, and Andrei to create a book named “The Painting of Stabilizing the Western Regions” (16 pieces in total), which represents the progress of the main battles at that time. After the completion of the painting, Emperor Qianlong ordered Li Shiyao, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, to make the achievements of the Qing Dynasty shine through the annals of history and promote military power and national strength. He ordered Li Shiyao, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, to send the painting manuscript of “The Victory of the Western Regions” to France, and the bronze plates were made by French court artisans such as Ke Sheng and Le Ba, who were skilled in copper engraving techniques. After 11 years, the printed copperplate painting, copperplate printing, and original painting manuscripts were sent back to China