Old photos of Hailar, Inner Mongolia in 1935

A group of old photos of Hailar, Inner Mongolia in 1935. Photo source: Yadong Prints Collection

Hailar District is a municipal district under the jurisdiction of Hulun Buir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and is the political, economic and cultural center of Hulun Buir City

In the early Qing Dynasty, the nomadic tribes in Hulun Buir returned to the Qing Dynasty from Tiancong to Chongde. The Qing Dynasty had the whole territory of Hulun Buir, directly under the command of the Imperial Court

In the 22nd year of Emperor Kangxi’s reign in the Qing Dynasty (1683), this place was under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang General. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Hulun Buir City was located near the Hailar River, so it was also called Hailar City. The original Hulun Buir City is called“ City” Or“ Old Street”, Under the jurisdiction of Hulun Buir Deputy Capital. The housing market gradually formed from both sides of the railway to the east-west junction street is called“ Hailar”, It is under the jurisdiction of Dongqing Railway Negotiation Branch. In the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907), Hailar belonged to Heilongjiang Province

On March 9, 1932, after the founding of the puppet Manchukuo, the Hulun Buir region under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province was included in the newly established Xing’an Province, and later the administrative regions of Xing’an Province were divided into four sub provinces: the eastern, southern, northern and western provinces of Xing’an

On April 30, 1954, the People’s ZF of Hulun Buir League was established. Hulun Buir League governs Hailar City, and the League Government is stationed in Hailar City. In October 2001, Hulunbeier League was approved to be withdrawn from the League and set up as a city. In February 2002, Hailar City at the county level was abolished and Hailar District of Hulun Buir City was established

Now let’s look at this group of old photos

甘珠尔庙又称寿宁寺，是呼伦贝尔地区最大的喇嘛庙。距新巴尔虎左旗所在地阿木古郎镇西北20公里。此庙于清乾隆三十六年(1771年)御批并由清廷拨银建庙。乾隆五十年赐庙号，并亲撰“寿宁寺”匾额，集中了汉、蒙、藏三种建筑文化。庙中主供释迦牟尼、官布、扎木苏伦等佛像，由于寿宁寺曾收藏过藏蒙文《甘珠尔经》，故而又得名为《甘珠尔庙》。

ps:现在的甘珠尔庙为2001年开始重建的。

甘珠尔庙内两位信众在顶礼膜拜。

甘珠尔庙内，修缮木壁画的艺人，正在给老旧败色的部位勾涂着鲜艳的颜料，一丝不苟，棉衣上还沾有点点白迹。

甘珠尔庙旁，蒙古族牧民搭建的蒙古包，正在拆组中，各种生活用品摆放在草地上，主人正在蒙古包旁整理着。

甘珠尔庙从乾隆五十年(1785年)甘珠尔庙举办第一次庙会，此后180余年办有160余次庙会，并成为著名的“甘珠尔集市”。庙会日商贾云集，近者来自海拉尔、满洲里、齐齐哈尔、哈尔滨、天津、北京等地，远者来自蒙古、俄罗斯、日本及欧美商人。

图中是庙会结束后，牧民们开始拆解蒙古包，收拾货物返回各处。

海拉尔的远眺全貌

海拉尔始建于清雍正十二年（1734年），以伊敏河左岸正式建城。其地位于呼伦、贝尔两湖间。民国九年（1920年）实行存旗设县办法（即蒙不归县、汉不属旗），设呼伦县；1940年5月，定海拉尔为市，称海拉尔市。2002年2月撤市改区，为海拉尔区。

海拉尔的旧市街，两旁房屋低矮，户门前是排水的明沟，泥泞的道路上处处可见车辙印，两个百姓正骑马走过。

海拉尔家庭景象，院中的晾杆挂满了兽皮，正在晾干。

海拉尔郊外的风光，牧民赶着一队队的牛羊回城。

海拉尔的一处街道。

海拉尔曾经的贸易繁忙的边贸城市，因为1929年东北军与苏军为控制中东铁路而爆发的战争，东北军被打败，满洲里也受创严重，致使商业不振，市面萧条。你看这空旷的大路上，马车、行人稀稀落落，还有几只鸡走来走去，不复往昔之繁华。

海拉尔公园，这些树木是沙地樟子松，生长在沙丘之上，根系具有固沙作用，又称海拉尔松。