An old photo of Laining, Xinjiang in 1906, showing the historical features of Kashgar a hundred years ago

Today is the 10th day. I send you my late holiday greetings. I wish everyone who reads this article a happy double day and all the best

This evening, we will release a group of old photos of Laining in Xinjiang in 1906. Let’s take a look at the historical features of Kashgar in Xinjiang 110 years ago

This group of photos was taken by Mannerheim in China from 1906 to 1908. Carl· Gustav· Amir· Mannerheim (June 1867 – January 1951) is a famous Finnish military and political figure with a baron title. In 1904, he was assigned to the 52nd Dragon Cavalry Regiment in Manchuria, China as a Lieutenant Colonel. Later, he participated in the Russo Japanese War and was promoted to colonel ahead of schedule because of his bravery in the Mukden Battle (now Shenyang)
In March 1906, the General Staff of the Russian Army gave Mannerheim a secret mission to infiltrate the French scientist Paul· The team led by Periet sneaked into China for JD activities. During the two-year investigation, Mannerheim traveled 14000 kilometers across eight provinces of China, including Xinjiang, Gansu, Shaanxi, Henan, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Hebei, and collected a lot of important information

At the same time, he took a large number of photos of various places in China at that time, which left us precious images of that year

Here is a selection of old photos taken in Laining, Xinjiang in 1906. Some photos have been published before, seeOld photos of life in Laining City, Kashgar, Xinjiang in 1906

徕宁城在今天的新疆喀什附近。

1759年，清军平定“大小霍加之乱”，统一了天山南北，翌年在喀什噶尔置总理南疆八大城的喀什噶尔参赞大臣。1762年在喀什噶尔旧城（即今市区东半部）之西北2里许，原波罗尼都的私人庄园址上兴建一新城，作为参赞大臣衙署，新城设四门，“周长二里五分余，高一丈四尺，底厚六尺五寸，顶厚四尺五寸”

城内“建仓库、衙署及兵屋；城南辟教场、将台，规模大备”，还有关帝庙、万寿宫(为清官员举行祭祀或大典之处）等大型建筑。1771年(清乾隆三十六年)，乾隆正式为此城赐名为“徕宁城”。原址在今市区西喀什地区公安处驻地，旧城墙至今可见。

当时，本地人称其为喀什噶尔新城(或满城)。1794年，徕宁城南门外又修建大批商肆店铺，由内地迁来的满、汉商民开业经商，清人评价说：“徕宁城仰瞻宫庙之辉煌。凭临城池之壮丽，居然新疆一都会矣！

1826年7月间，张格尔发动大规模武装入侵，攻陷喀什噶尔旧城。喀什噶尔参赞大臣庆祥率残部与1000余江、浙、湘、蜀、陕、甘籍汉族商民退守徕宁城。数次杀退张格尔一方的进攻，敌方死伤无数。1826年9月28日，张格尔掘地道攻陷徕宁城，庆祥自杀殉国，徕宁城大半毁于战火。

1898年，清军喀什噶尔副将协署又设在原徕宁城遗址上。此时喀什噶尔城已向西拓展到徕宁城边上，副将杨德俊主持在城西开一城门，与协署驻地接通，并在徕宁城墙旧址上又补筑一道半圆形城墙，称为“月城”，当地维吾尔族称“尤木拉克协海尔”(圆形城)，与喀什噶尔旧城既相接又相隔。