The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

This post is a real war photo taken by Japanese army accompanying journalists in the same year. It mainly reflects the situation of the battlefield where Japan broke the Qing army’s defense in Weihai, Shandong, during the Sino Japanese War of 1894. The photo is mainly taken from Japanese war pictorials issued in the same year, such as the Japanese Qing War Photo by the photo class of the Land Survey Department of the Japanese Army Staff Headquarters, and the Japanese War Photo by Kazui Zmin, such as the Battle Photo of the Twenty seventh Eighth Year of the Meiji Period

On January 25, the headquarters of the Shandong Combat Army, which was set up in Rongcheng, issued an order to march towards Weihai Wei. The main Japanese troops, under the command of Dashanyan, set out from Rongcheng and marched towards Weihai Wei from the north to the south. At 7:00 p.m. on January 25, the Japanese advance troops arrived at the east bank of the Baima River, 25 kilometers away from Weihaiwei. Sun Wanlin’s army stationed on the west bank of the river quickly launched an attack while the enemy’s feet were not stable. After two hours of fierce fighting, more than 100 enemies were killed and only 2 Qing troops were killed. The Japanese army did not support and fled in disorder. Later, because Yan Desheng destroyed the battle plan, Liu Shude also made an excuse to lead the army to the west, leaving Sun Wanlin alone. Soon, the Japanese troops arrived, and Sun Wanlin was outnumbered. He had to withdraw from the position and retreat to Yangting

图片[1]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

1月30日，杨家滩附近，水师军舰炮击日步兵第五联队（冒黑烟是镇远舰，其右侧是靖远或济远舰）

图片[2]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

1月30日，杨家滩附近，水师军舰炮击日步兵第五联队（冒黑烟是镇远舰，其右侧是靖远或济远舰）

图片[3]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

1月30日，杨家滩附近，水师军舰炮击日步兵第五联队

图片[4]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

1月30日，远处日岛炮台炮击被日军占领的鹿角嘴炮台

图片[5]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

2月3日，与日军炮战中的北洋水师

白马河战役后，日军长驱直入，继续西犯。1月29日，日军第二师团占领温泉汤，第六师团占领九家疃，开始对威海卫南帮炮台后路形成包围。1月30日拂晓，日军首先进攻威海卫南岸的制高点摩天岭。守卫在这里的清军仅一个营，在营官周家思指挥下，奋起抵抗，双方展开了激烈的争夺战。港内北洋舰队的定远、镇远、来远等舰也驶至南岸助战。日军也乱放山炮应战。日军踩中清军预先埋设的地雷，死伤枕藉。日军在军官的驱赶下继续猛扑，守军虽顽强抵抗，但因兵力太少，一营人全部壮烈牺牲。日军虽然占领了摩天岭，但也付出了重大伤亡的代价。左翼队司令官大寺安纯少将也被来远舰所发炮弹击毙在摩天岭炮台上。日军攻占摩天岭炮台后，用炮台的大炮掩护右翼队向杨枫岭进攻。杨枫岭守军一营，在副将陈万清指挥下，抗击数倍于己的敌人，自上午8时至11时，激战3小时，打退了日军多次冲锋，予敌以重大杀伤。敌军冲不上去，就集中炮火疯狂轰击。炮台周围的树木被击中起火，弹药库也被击中，炮台上烈焰升腾，守军伤亡过半，被迫撤退，杨枫岭炮台被攻陷。

图片[6]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

2月9日，黄岛西南海面，靖远舰（右）被日炮击中搁浅。

图片[7]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

2月9日，靖远舰沉没，其它舰接应

图片[8]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

柏顶炮台

图片[9]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

北山嘴炮台

图片[10]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

北山嘴炮台

当日军右翼队进攻南帮炮台时，左翼队也向南帮陆路炮台南侧的虎山发起进攻，企图一举攻克虎山，再向北推进，切断南帮炮台清军退路，配合右翼队实行南北夹击。驻守虎山的两营清军奋勇杀敌，炮兵也配合轰击，使日军伤亡惨重。后来，清军由于指挥官刘树德贪生怕死，弃军逃跑而自行溃散，虎山失陷。日军攻占虎山后，向北推进到风林集，切断了由南帮炮台撤下来的七八百名清军的退路。在这紧急关头，海军提督丁汝昌亲自指挥靖远、镇南等4艘炮舰驶到南岸杨家滩附近，用排炮向日军轰击，日军不支，仓惶逃走。被围清军在陈万清率领下突围。

图片[11]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

北山嘴炮台后侧

图片[12]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

北山嘴炮台后侧

图片[13]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

北山嘴水雷营

图片[14]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

沉没的威远号

图片[15]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive

风林集北方烟地，第五联队一部展开行动

日军攻下南帮陆路炮台后，立即对龙庙咀、鹿角咀、皂埠咀3座海岸炮台进行海陆夹攻。日军首先进攻龙庙咀炮台，守台的40名清军奋勇抵抗，终因寡不敌众，全部壮烈牺牲。日军占领龙庙咀炮台后，立即利用炮台上的大炮向鹿角咀炮台轰击，炮台外的长墙被炮火摧毁，日军从缺口蜂涌而上。炮台守军没有近射武器，无法抵抗，炮台被攻占。日军又利用从杨枫岭、龙庙咀、鹿角咀等炮台上夺取的清军大炮，轮番猛轰皂埠咀炮台。为使炮台上的6门15—28公分口径的大炮不致被日军用来威胁刘公岛炮台和港内北洋舰队，丁汝昌派鱼雷艇载敢死队前往炮台毁炮。1月30日，日军第二师团进攻凤林集，被北洋舰队的排炮轰退。

图片[16]-The Sino Japanese War: The Fall of Weihaiwei (1)-China Archive