Period:Ming dynasty Production date:1368-1398
Materials:porcelain
Technique:underglazed
Dimensions:Height: 325 millimetres Width: 252 millimetres Depth: 205 millimetres
Description:
Porcelain ewer of yuhuchun form, with high strap handle and long spout attached by a cloud-shaped strut to the neck. Underglaze red with scrolling flowers around body. Bands of squared spirals, overlapping leaves and classic scrolls on neck.
IMG
![图片[1]-ewer BM-PDF-A.696-China Archive](https://chinaarchive.net/Ming dynasty/Ceramics/mid_00440242_001.jpg)
![图片[2]-ewer BM-PDF-A.696-China Archive](https://chinaarchive.net/Ming dynasty/Ceramics/mid_01428846_001.jpg)
![图片[3]-ewer BM-PDF-A.696-China Archive](https://chinaarchive.net/Ming dynasty/Ceramics/mid_00387375_001.jpg)
Comments:Published PDF date : Ming 14th century PDF A696Ewer with stylised lotus scrollCopper oxide pigment, used to create underglaze red designs, is extremely difficult to fire successfully at the high temperatures required for porcelain production. The pigment is more volatile and harder to fire effectively than cobalt oxide, which was used to create blue designs. If the process was successful, as here, copper oxide could fire bright red but if not, it fired pale liverish red, grey or almost black. Potters made far greater quantities of monochrome red and underglaze red wares in the Hongwu period (AD 1368–98) than in the Yuan dynasty (AD 1279–1368). Whereas in the Yuan dynasty they were experimental wares, in the early Ming dynasty they were produced on a larger scale but were still rare. Originally this ewer would have had a domed porcelain cover with a lotus bud finial and a loop to marry up with the ring on top of the handle. Details such as the fine raised vertical rib down the handle and the three studs at its base refer to the metalwork version of which the porcelain is a copy. Archaeologists excavated similar ewers with underglaze cobalt blue decoration at Dongmentou東門頭, Zhushan 珠山 in Jingdezhen in 1994.Porcelain with underglaze copper-red decorationJingdezhen, Jiangxi province江西省, 景德鎮Ming dynasty, Hongwu period, AD 1368–98 PDF A696纏枝蓮紋執壺用于釉下紅色裝飾（釉裏紅）的銅氧化物彩料，在燒成瓷器所需的高溫下極難成功燒製。和燒造釉下藍彩（青花）的鈷氧化物相比，銅紅彩料化學性能更不穩定，更難有效燒造。如果燒製成功，如本件瓷器的格式化纏枝蓮紋，銅氧化物會燒成鮮亮的紅色，但是如果不成功，會是類似肝的淡紅色、灰色或甚至黑色。明代洪武時期（1368–1398年）的陶工們製造的單色紅釉瓷器以及釉裏紅裝飾瓷器，比元代（1279–1368年）時要多得多。元代瓷器使用銅紅僅是試驗性的，明代早期的生產規模則要大很多，不過仍然相對少見。這件執壺原本應有拱形瓷蓋，頂端為蓮苞式紐，另有小環和執壺把手上的圓環相配，便於系繩。把手上縱向的微細凸棱，以及把手尾端的三個小釘等細節，顯示這件瓷器是仿原型為金屬的器物。考古學家1994年在景德鎮珠山東門頭曾出土類似的執壺，為青花裝飾。瓷器，釉下銅紅（釉裏紅）江西省景德鎮明代，1368–1398年
Materials:porcelain
Technique:underglazed
Dimensions:Height: 325 millimetres Width: 252 millimetres Depth: 205 millimetres
Description:
Porcelain ewer of yuhuchun form, with high strap handle and long spout attached by a cloud-shaped strut to the neck. Underglaze red with scrolling flowers around body. Bands of squared spirals, overlapping leaves and classic scrolls on neck.
IMG
Comments:Published PDF date : Ming 14th century PDF A696Ewer with stylised lotus scrollCopper oxide pigment, used to create underglaze red designs, is extremely difficult to fire successfully at the high temperatures required for porcelain production. The pigment is more volatile and harder to fire effectively than cobalt oxide, which was used to create blue designs. If the process was successful, as here, copper oxide could fire bright red but if not, it fired pale liverish red, grey or almost black. Potters made far greater quantities of monochrome red and underglaze red wares in the Hongwu period (AD 1368–98) than in the Yuan dynasty (AD 1279–1368). Whereas in the Yuan dynasty they were experimental wares, in the early Ming dynasty they were produced on a larger scale but were still rare. Originally this ewer would have had a domed porcelain cover with a lotus bud finial and a loop to marry up with the ring on top of the handle. Details such as the fine raised vertical rib down the handle and the three studs at its base refer to the metalwork version of which the porcelain is a copy. Archaeologists excavated similar ewers with underglaze cobalt blue decoration at Dongmentou東門頭, Zhushan 珠山 in Jingdezhen in 1994.Porcelain with underglaze copper-red decorationJingdezhen, Jiangxi province江西省, 景德鎮Ming dynasty, Hongwu period, AD 1368–98 PDF A696纏枝蓮紋執壺用于釉下紅色裝飾（釉裏紅）的銅氧化物彩料，在燒成瓷器所需的高溫下極難成功燒製。和燒造釉下藍彩（青花）的鈷氧化物相比，銅紅彩料化學性能更不穩定，更難有效燒造。如果燒製成功，如本件瓷器的格式化纏枝蓮紋，銅氧化物會燒成鮮亮的紅色，但是如果不成功，會是類似肝的淡紅色、灰色或甚至黑色。明代洪武時期（1368–1398年）的陶工們製造的單色紅釉瓷器以及釉裏紅裝飾瓷器，比元代（1279–1368年）時要多得多。元代瓷器使用銅紅僅是試驗性的，明代早期的生產規模則要大很多，不過仍然相對少見。這件執壺原本應有拱形瓷蓋，頂端為蓮苞式紐，另有小環和執壺把手上的圓環相配，便於系繩。把手上縱向的微細凸棱，以及把手尾端的三個小釘等細節，顯示這件瓷器是仿原型為金屬的器物。考古學家1994年在景德鎮珠山東門頭曾出土類似的執壺，為青花裝飾。瓷器，釉下銅紅（釉裏紅）江西省景德鎮明代，1368–1398年
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